Hi all,
I'm new to the group. I did search this but didn't find all the information.
I've installed a Nextion screen to my DVswitch server, an RPi 3B+ and have the hardware side of things correct.
I'm new to Linux and I just need guidance, more so a "how to" install the Nextion driver and any other detail.

Cheers
Glenn Vk4nga

On 27/11/20 4:03 pm, Gary, KE8O wrote:

I currently have a test system where I have bridged YSF and DMR using
MMDVM_Bridge.  I have the P25Reflector  installed on the same system
running as a standalone reflector. I would like to add P25 to the
existing YSF / DMR bridge.  I searched the existing message and found
a discussion on bridging P25 to DMR that involved using Analog_Bridge.
I'm just not sure on how to add a third mode into the mix.  Any
guidance would be appreciated.

You would need a second instance of MMDVM-Bridge, which is sitting on
the same DMR TG as the original bridge.  The way I see it is:

DMR - MMDVM-Bridge - Analog_Bridge (1) - Analog_Bridge (2) -
MMDVM_Bridge - P25Gateway - P25 Reflector.

Analog_Bridge (1) would be configured to use the md380-emulator for DMR
AMBE encoding, while Analog_Bridge (2) needs to use the software IMBE
vocoder from op25.  Of course, hardware vocoders can be used instead of
the software options I've given, but the software vocoders are excellent
for DMR and P25.

So at the end of the day, you're running 3 instances of MMDVM_Bridge
(including the existing DMR - YSF instance), plus 2 instances of
Analog_Bridge.

I'm guessing one reason is if you open source it HamVoip can then compile it for arch

On Thu, Nov 26, 2020 at 6:17 PM Steve N4IRS <szingman@...> wrote:

Because we do not feel it is in our or the communities best interest at this time.

On 11/26/20 7:58 PM, Skyler Fennell wrote:

Why is analog_bridge not open source? 

On Thu, Nov 26, 2020 at 3:19 PM Tony Langdon <vk3jed@...> wrote:

On 26/11/20 3:54 am, Steve N4IRS wrote:
> DMR, after D-Star, is the most political of the digtial voice modes.
> Unlike the other modes, most DMR systems connect to a centralised
> server, known as a "master" and that is responsible for all of the
> talk group routine, personal calls, and position data interpretation
> and forwarding. There are three main centralised systems:
> BrandMeister, DMR+ (known as Phoenix in the UK), and TGIF.
>  
> What these systems have in common is that they are closed source. This
> is not good for the amateur community. There were mutterings about
> them having signed NDAs with Hytera and Motorola to get details of
> their internet connection protocols, which may or may not be true.
> Even if true, why not make the non-NDA parts of the source code open?
>  
> In the commercial world, digital voice repeaters, be they for DMR,
> P25, NXDN, or dPMR have limited abilities within themselves for call
> routing. They do include CPUs of course, but for anything other than
> simple point-to-point links, they are useless. This limitation is fine
> for what they were originally designed for, small centrally controlled
> networks, with or without a dispatching console function. The YCS
> system for System Fusion is looking to do the same for YSF and that is
> why I oppose it.
>  
> This model of a centralised control structure carried through to the
> amateur DMR networks. In its simplest form, a repeater would simply
> have a point-to-point network connection to the master and things
> would be fine. Even with a semi-distributed system, with one or more
> master per country, there is still some central control of the system
> with the power to overrule the decisions made at the local level. Such
> central control is also not conducive to supporting each countries
> requirements, and leads to much used functionality being arbitrarily
> removed. In the extereme case the countries master may also be
> removed. When such things happen you have to ask from where did they
> derive their authority? Who voted for them? Who made the decision and
> how do they know that it is correct?
I'm in agreement with the general idea.  I was involved in EchoIRLP,
which came about simply because people like me simply wanted to be able
to connect to whatever network we wanted.  EchoIRLP also incorporated
features to protect the networks from accidental cross linking, which
was one of the reasons it was readily accepted, once people got their
head around the concept.

While it's great to play with different modes, we do have a real "Tower
of Babel" when it comes to DV modes.  Projects like DV Switch do go a
long way towards mitigating the effect of having multiple incompatible
modes among a relatively small user base. 
>  
> In the amateur world we have gone beyond having dumb repeaters. Most
> MMDVM systems for example have a Raspberry Pi or similar running the
> system, and have the potential to provide a lot of local processing
> power which can be used for more complex tasks than simply routing
> traffic over a point-to-point link. Many sysops expressed the wish to
> be able to have access to multiple masters, simultaneously, and hence
> the DMR Gateway was born in 2017. It does complex call routing, and
> almost everything else, bar the position data interpretation.

What would I like?  In an ideal world, I'd like to be able to
communicate with the hams I want to, regardless of network or mode,
using the radios I have,  In essence, think of it like EchoIRLP on
steroids.  I have something close to this with my AllStar node, which
not only can do AllStar, IRLP and Echolink (IRLP/EL via my existing
EchoIRLP node - with all proper lockouts in place), but it's configured
to do DMR (BM), YSF and P25 via a local DVSwitch installation.   I'd
like to be able to run multiple DMR networks eventually.  

The end game is something that performs the role that IP does for data -
providing routing over the top of multiple networks, so any endpoint can
find any other endpoint.

Another issue is audio processing.  I believe in processing the audio as
little as possible.  This philosophy goes back to EchoIRLP (2003-) and
the IRLP/Echolink integrated conference servers (2005-), and results in
the best audio quality with minimum latency.  DV modes, unlike the
analog systems often don't have a "common vocoder", so some amount of
transcoding is unavoidable, but again given the aggressive vocoders in
use, I'd like to keep it to a minimum, while preserving as much metadata
as possible.  Incidentally, this would be handy internally in cross mode
gateways like the one I have in the cloud.

Here's how I see it working.  At the source, the audio is decoded to
PCM, and two audio streams are sent - one in PCM and a second stream in
the original encoded format.  Information about the vocoder in use is
added to the metadata.  Stations receiving the stream examine the
vocoder metadata.  If they natively support the vocoder used, they
simply take the original encoded voice data and use that.  Otherwise the
receiving nodes that can't handle the source vocoder will take the PCM
stream and re-encode that.  In these days of unlimited (or near
unlimited) broadband Internet, the overheads of doing things this way
shouldn't be an issue.   If a viable software implementation of the
D-STAR vocoder comes along, it would still then be possible to have a
"dumb" node linked to a "smart router" running in the cloud, to save
local processing power or bandwidth, if needed.

>  
> In some quarters this development was opposed. I believe that the
> sysop should have the choice on how to route their traffic and so
> development went ahead and it has been enhanced since. It has been a
> huge success.
>  
> I think that the time has come to look at having an open source,
> non-centralised, DMR network. A network where no one person or group
> has control. We already have the beginnings of this with the HBLink
> and with XLX projects. If more people get involved with these projects
> then they will grow and offer more features as time goes on.  I
> haven't played with HBLink yet, but it does interest me.
The only issue I see is avoiding issues like routing loops or malicious
interference (sadly, it does happen).  For the former, it would be ideal
if the network was smart enough to detect loops and then take action to
block the source of problems or break the loop, until it's fixed. 
Otherwise some human oversight would be needed.

I do run an XLX reflector, but keep it standalone, as the very manual
interlinking process isn't compatible with my ADHD (I did play with it
in the early days of XLX).  I'm also somewhat cut off from that
community, because they moved all their internal communication to a web
forum years ago, which is relatively inaccessible to me - too slow and
cumbersome and yet another login to remember to check.
>  
> Some may say, what about integration of commercial repeaters like
> Hyteras and Motorolas? There is already a program available that
> converts the Hytera repeater protocol to the protocol used by the
> MMDVM, and integration of Motorola repeaters is possible all be it
> with a number of programs in series. Maybe someone will rationalise
> this into something simpler.
This could be a use case of the "dumb node" scenario above.
>  
> Things are already moving on this, and I hope that in the future we
> will see such systems appear and then DMR will be free of the tyranny
> of what we have now. Sysops and their users are sovereign and should
> not be dictated to by anybody (the same goes for software developers
> :-) ).


Let's hope for more openness. :)

--
73 de Tony VK3JED/VK3IRL
http://vkradio.com

Why is analog_bridge not open source? 

On Thu, Nov 26, 2020 at 3:19 PM Tony Langdon <vk3jed@...> wrote:

On 26/11/20 3:54 am, Steve N4IRS wrote:
> DMR, after D-Star, is the most political of the digtial voice modes.
> Unlike the other modes, most DMR systems connect to a centralised
> server, known as a "master" and that is responsible for all of the
> talk group routine, personal calls, and position data interpretation
> and forwarding. There are three main centralised systems:
> BrandMeister, DMR+ (known as Phoenix in the UK), and TGIF.
>  
> What these systems have in common is that they are closed source. This
> is not good for the amateur community. There were mutterings about
> them having signed NDAs with Hytera and Motorola to get details of
> their internet connection protocols, which may or may not be true.
> Even if true, why not make the non-NDA parts of the source code open?
>  
> In the commercial world, digital voice repeaters, be they for DMR,
> P25, NXDN, or dPMR have limited abilities within themselves for call
> routing. They do include CPUs of course, but for anything other than
> simple point-to-point links, they are useless. This limitation is fine
> for what they were originally designed for, small centrally controlled
> networks, with or without a dispatching console function. The YCS
> system for System Fusion is looking to do the same for YSF and that is
> why I oppose it.
>  
> This model of a centralised control structure carried through to the
> amateur DMR networks. In its simplest form, a repeater would simply
> have a point-to-point network connection to the master and things
> would be fine. Even with a semi-distributed system, with one or more
> master per country, there is still some central control of the system
> with the power to overrule the decisions made at the local level. Such
> central control is also not conducive to supporting each countries
> requirements, and leads to much used functionality being arbitrarily
> removed. In the extereme case the countries master may also be
> removed. When such things happen you have to ask from where did they
> derive their authority? Who voted for them? Who made the decision and
> how do they know that it is correct?
I'm in agreement with the general idea.  I was involved in EchoIRLP,
which came about simply because people like me simply wanted to be able
to connect to whatever network we wanted.  EchoIRLP also incorporated
features to protect the networks from accidental cross linking, which
was one of the reasons it was readily accepted, once people got their
head around the concept.

While it's great to play with different modes, we do have a real "Tower
of Babel" when it comes to DV modes.  Projects like DV Switch do go a
long way towards mitigating the effect of having multiple incompatible
modes among a relatively small user base. 
>  
> In the amateur world we have gone beyond having dumb repeaters. Most
> MMDVM systems for example have a Raspberry Pi or similar running the
> system, and have the potential to provide a lot of local processing
> power which can be used for more complex tasks than simply routing
> traffic over a point-to-point link. Many sysops expressed the wish to
> be able to have access to multiple masters, simultaneously, and hence
> the DMR Gateway was born in 2017. It does complex call routing, and
> almost everything else, bar the position data interpretation.

What would I like?  In an ideal world, I'd like to be able to
communicate with the hams I want to, regardless of network or mode,
using the radios I have,  In essence, think of it like EchoIRLP on
steroids.  I have something close to this with my AllStar node, which
not only can do AllStar, IRLP and Echolink (IRLP/EL via my existing
EchoIRLP node - with all proper lockouts in place), but it's configured
to do DMR (BM), YSF and P25 via a local DVSwitch installation.   I'd
like to be able to run multiple DMR networks eventually.  

The end game is something that performs the role that IP does for data -
providing routing over the top of multiple networks, so any endpoint can
find any other endpoint.

Another issue is audio processing.  I believe in processing the audio as
little as possible.  This philosophy goes back to EchoIRLP (2003-) and
the IRLP/Echolink integrated conference servers (2005-), and results in
the best audio quality with minimum latency.  DV modes, unlike the
analog systems often don't have a "common vocoder", so some amount of
transcoding is unavoidable, but again given the aggressive vocoders in
use, I'd like to keep it to a minimum, while preserving as much metadata
as possible.  Incidentally, this would be handy internally in cross mode
gateways like the one I have in the cloud.

Here's how I see it working.  At the source, the audio is decoded to
PCM, and two audio streams are sent - one in PCM and a second stream in
the original encoded format.  Information about the vocoder in use is
added to the metadata.  Stations receiving the stream examine the
vocoder metadata.  If they natively support the vocoder used, they
simply take the original encoded voice data and use that.  Otherwise the
receiving nodes that can't handle the source vocoder will take the PCM
stream and re-encode that.  In these days of unlimited (or near
unlimited) broadband Internet, the overheads of doing things this way
shouldn't be an issue.   If a viable software implementation of the
D-STAR vocoder comes along, it would still then be possible to have a
"dumb" node linked to a "smart router" running in the cloud, to save
local processing power or bandwidth, if needed.

>  
> In some quarters this development was opposed. I believe that the
> sysop should have the choice on how to route their traffic and so
> development went ahead and it has been enhanced since. It has been a
> huge success.
>  
> I think that the time has come to look at having an open source,
> non-centralised, DMR network. A network where no one person or group
> has control. We already have the beginnings of this with the HBLink
> and with XLX projects. If more people get involved with these projects
> then they will grow and offer more features as time goes on.  I
> haven't played with HBLink yet, but it does interest me.
The only issue I see is avoiding issues like routing loops or malicious
interference (sadly, it does happen).  For the former, it would be ideal
if the network was smart enough to detect loops and then take action to
block the source of problems or break the loop, until it's fixed. 
Otherwise some human oversight would be needed.

I do run an XLX reflector, but keep it standalone, as the very manual
interlinking process isn't compatible with my ADHD (I did play with it
in the early days of XLX).  I'm also somewhat cut off from that
community, because they moved all their internal communication to a web
forum years ago, which is relatively inaccessible to me - too slow and
cumbersome and yet another login to remember to check.
>  
> Some may say, what about integration of commercial repeaters like
> Hyteras and Motorolas? There is already a program available that
> converts the Hytera repeater protocol to the protocol used by the
> MMDVM, and integration of Motorola repeaters is possible all be it
> with a number of programs in series. Maybe someone will rationalise
> this into something simpler.
This could be a use case of the "dumb node" scenario above.
>  
> Things are already moving on this, and I hope that in the future we
> will see such systems appear and then DMR will be free of the tyranny
> of what we have now. Sysops and their users are sovereign and should
> not be dictated to by anybody (the same goes for software developers
> :-) ).


Let's hope for more openness. :)

--
73 de Tony VK3JED/VK3IRL
http://vkradio.com

On 27/11/20 8:20 am, Patrick Perdue wrote:

As I understand it, you can set up a private P25 reflector which is
available to anyone who uses the pi-star host files, thus, no need to
link to a public reflector. This is what I plan to do. I will probably
also get zero users, but at least I know that coming in.

You can do that, or you can setup your own public reflector.  You just
have to ask to get it listed in the public P25Hosts file.  I did this
for 50535.

Here's a bit of advice, take it for what it's worth. 
If you're thinking of linking your other modes to a currently active P25 Reflector, don't. You will be chastised to no end and probably banned from that reflector for life.

The only solution you have is a P25Gateway and P25Reflector with a private TG. I did that for a while and had 0 users. I provided instructions on how to update the P25Hosts.txt files on their hotspots but I guess that was more work than they wanted to do. In the end I took down the reflector and gateway and just told them to use their hotspots in P252DMR mode and connect to my XLX reflector. I have a interlink to BM3103 on the XLX. Now I have P25 users and the meta data is not an issue.